Government Policy

Serbia has a republic government structure, which means that the people elect their representatives depending on their suits and needs. Also, Serbia has a capitalist economy. The government in Serbia supports its people by listening to its people’s ideas then enforcing it into law.

Government Building

Belgrade is not in any heavy corruption right now. it has as system within the government which prevents corruption, called the Anti-Corruption council. Belgrade manages its economy well and uses its money to fix roads and to build new bridges. It also uses it to build new parks and places likes malls to go hang out (leisure or entertainment places). Some projects do get stopped or take really long to finish due to the loss of money.

Congress Building

Civic organizations do not have the same say in the government as private businesses do. They should have the same say so that civic organisations can help the youth and citizens by building or renovating hospitals with the help of private businesses because some hospitals are really old and deserve to get fixed up or to get new ones. Civic organizations should have the same say as private businesses in the government so that everyone could agree on the making of new buildings equally.

Consumer Policy

In Serbia, the economy related to natural resources is dependent on the consumption of fossil fuels (coal and oil). Their economic sections are agriculture, industry, and livestock. First of all, farms take up 1/3 of the land (mostly in the outskirts of the area) and they produce crops such as wheat, maze, sugar, sugar beets, sunflower, and raspberries. Second of all, in the section of industrial area, they produce base metals, furniture, food processing, machinery, chemicals, sugar, tires, clothes, and pharmaceuticals. Lastly, the livestock gives food products such as pork, beef, and milk. So their economy is heavily depended upon natural resources. However, it is not sustainable because they are using too much oil and coal at a rate at which it cannot be replaced. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources which cannot be used forever and also, burning fossil fuels pollute the air which leads to the global warming. So for the action plan, they should use renewable resources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy instead of using fossil fuels which pollute the air and cannot be used forever. This will make Serbia (Belgrade) more sustainable.

In Serbia, they import many different things such as fuel, capital goods, and equipment. Some import partners of Serbia are Italy, China, Germany, and Russia. Serbia also exports things such as food (raspberries), petroleum products, manufacturing goods, and raw materials. In Serbia, luxury items are available but with annual income of an adult there so it might be hard for people to afford those luxury items. Based on the price in Serbia, people would think that the quality is bad but it is actually good. However, the way that they import and export is not sustainable because they import more than they export. So for the action plan, they should import and export at same rate so they lose resources but gain resource at same time with same amount. Also they should try to use their own resources like gold, oil, salt, and silver. This will make Serbia (Belgrade) more sustainable.

In Serbia, the advertising is mostly on billboards and poster and can be found on vehicles like buses, trams, trolley buses, and company cars. These advertisements are about new shopping malls, cheap price for food, new tech knowledge, and so on. There are also advertisements in airports for the tourists who want to get a quick overview of Serbia. These advertisements are mostly about casinos, hotels, and places to visit. So advertising in Serbia is same as the rest of the world. However, this is not sustainable, because these advertisements attract people to buy products and later, it is going to be waste. There are always new products so people are going to keep buy new products. So for the action plan, they should also make advertisement which is about reminding people to watch out on what to buy and how much they buy. Then, people will reduce to buy products which will make Serbia (Belgrade) more sustainable.

Population Pyramid

This population pyramid has a stationary trend but also it is declining slightly but there is not that big proportion of elders.  The Age range from 0-14 is going in a decreasing rate, and 15-19 is when it starts increasing. 0-14 is in a decreasing rate most probably because of the NATO bombings that happened that happened 1999. It starts increasing from 15-34, and a small decrease from 35-39. There is a major decrease from 40-54 because of the Yugoslavian civil war; every male above 18 was supposed to fight in it; this is a reason why there is a higher female population in that age range. From 65-69 to 80+, it started to decrease again. This might be because of World War II, Yugoslavia fought in it. There is an increase in population at 55-59 most probably because of a baby boom after the World War. There are no child policies in Serbia that limit the population. Women get 52 weeks maternity leave. Everyone in the community gets the same rights and education. Women are not limited to education and if the family has no money they can still send the child to public school.

This the population pyramid of 2010

New advancement in medical supplies came along, thus making a higher population in in the elder years (60+). This doesn’t mean people won’t die of old age, it needs to contain its population age and Serbia can’t have people living for a long time because it will waste a lot of resources. Its growing in a declining and a bit stationary pattern, but the overall population increased from 2010. Serbia didn’t put any child policies because they wanted citizens to have their own family and have their own choices. They did, however, warn the citizens about having a lot of children will make the country more unsustainable and how it would make it a challenge for harvesting and processing food. That announcement was made 55 years before the year 110, that’s why the population of the younglings. Citizens cared about living and enjoying a clean and sustainable city. The purpose of having a sustainable population growth is so that there won’t be any food shortages and so that the city is clean and sustainable without overusing resources. If the population was high, then the demand for resources increases.

Population in a !00 years

City Plan

In Belgrade, Serbia, the zoning model is a multi-nuclei-model. In this model, there is no single central business district. Business and commercial districts are spread out throughout the city. Residential districts are also spread fairly evenly throughout the city with a mix of professional, middle class and working class districts fairly evenly distributed. Because of this model, all sections are connected so it is easy to reach other section for shopping, commuting to and from work, and accessing recreational activities. All areas are well connected by public transportation, so there is no problem with accessibility. Our zoning model gives everyone easy access to stores, parks, transportation facilities. People who live in working class residential areas don’t need cars to go to work in industrial areas because bus and tram links are nearby. This provides easy transport to work and low pollution as well.

Zone map of Belgrade

Home size and home design in Belgrade and surrounding areas is well suited to sustainability in both the usage of material and square meter size. The average house size in Serbia is about 150 square meters. In Belgrade, local clay is used to make bricks and timber is used to make rooftops. A small amount of cement is used to stick the bricks together and clay or ceramic tiles are used for additional roof materials. The use of clay is more sustainable than the use of cement or concrete blocks because it is natural. Most houses have good ventilation and have small porches for the mildly hot summer. In Belgrade, houses are slightly smaller than those in the rest of Serbia, but follow the same general pattern in layout and use of materials. The materials used in these houses are sustainable because they are recyclable and reusable. Houses in Belgrade will need to have a slanted roof because it snows and rains in Serbia. Houses in Serbia and Belgrade can be built with a system of collecting rain water and heating it with electricity (generated from renewable energy sources) to make house warm. This is better solution than burning wood or coal because heating water doesn’t cause pollution. The houses will have a façade (exterior coating) that cool the house in summer days and warm in winter days. This is good solution and people need to buy air conditioner that can waste a lot of energy. The house will also have water saving faucets, showers and toilets. This model is sustainable model for houses in Belgrade.